Barros, H. M. (2015). "Exploring the use of patents in a weak institutional environment: The effects of innovation partnerships, firm ownership, and new management practices." Technovation 45–46: 63-77.
Format: Peer-reviewed article
Type: Non-experimental study
Experience level of reader: Fundamental
Annotation: In Brazil, manufacturers rely mostly on trademarks, secrecy, industrial design, and patents to protect intellectual property. This study shows higher instances of patenting among multinational firms than domestic ones. Patenting is difficult for weak institutions, particularly in countries with highly formal patenting processes which do not prioritize creators’ rights. These companies sometimes develop novel management methods to manage intellectual property such as knowledge management and changing operational structure although these strategies have mixed results.
Setting(s) to which the reported activities/findings are relevant: Federal Lab, Government, Large business, Small business, University.
Knowledge user(s) to whom the piece of literature may be relevant: Policy makers, Brokers, Manufacturers, Developers, Intermediaries, and Researchers.
Knowledge user level addressed by the literature: Basic
This article uses the Commercial Devices and Services version of the NtK Model
Firms accustomed to patent protection are less fearful of sharing relationships and more likely to engage in partnerships.
Questionnaire analysis
Occurrences within the model: NtK 4.1, 4.4