The following publications, organized by topic area, have been selected to represent productivity through the Operation: SAFETY study.
Kulak, J.A., Fillo, J., Homish, D.L., Kahn, L., Homish, G.G. (2019) Substance use and mental health among military spouses and partners. Military Behavioral Health. 7(3): 257-267
Anderson Goodell, E. M., Homish, D. L., & Homish, G.G. (2019). Characteristics of U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard couples who use family readiness programs. Military Behavioral Health. 7(2) 185-197. E-pub date: Dec 29 2018
Vest, B. M., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D. L., & Homish, G. G. (2018). Alcohol misuse in reserve soldiers and their partners: cross-spouse effects of deployment and combat exposure. Substance Use and Misuse. 53(5):800-807
Vest, B.M., Homish, D.L., Hoopsick, R.A., & Homish, G.G. (2018). What drives the relationship between combat and alcohol problems in soldiers? The roles of perception and marriage. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 53(4): 413-420
Devonish, J. A., Homish, D. L., Vest, B.M., Daws, R. C., Hoopsick, R. A., & Homish, G. G. (2017). The impact of military service and traumatic brain injury on the substance use norms of Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers and their spouses. Addictive Behaviors. 72:51-56
Vest, B.M., Heavey, S. Cercone, Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2017). Marital satisfaction, family support, and pre-deployment resiliency factors related to mental health outcomes for Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Military Behavioral Health. 5(4): 313-323
Heavey, S. Cercone, Homish, D.L., Anderson Goodell, E., & Homish, G.G. (2017). US Reserve Soldiers’ combat exposure and intimate partner violence: not more common, but it is more violent. Stress and Health. 33(5) 617-623
Lawson, S. C., Arif, M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Homish, G.G. (2023). Exploring Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Substance Dependence and Serious Psychological Distress among US Veterans. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 1-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01753-9
Fillo, J., Anderson Goodell, E.M., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2023). Sex differences in the relation between military sexual trauma and risk for alcohol misuse among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2023 Apr;47(4):736-747. doi: 10.1111/acer.15045. Epub 2023 Mar 20. PMID: 36869424
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Lawson, S.C, & Homish, G.G. (2022). Drug use over time among never-deployed US Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers: The effects of non-deployment emotions and sex. Stress and Health. 38(5): 1045-1057
Kulak, J.A., Homish, D.L., Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J, Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021) Psychological hardiness protects against alcohol problems in male, but not female, US Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers. Psychological Services. (18(3): 426-432. E-pub date Jan 23 2020
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., & Homish GG. (2020). Mental health and educational outcomes among current and former National Guard and Reserve soldiers. Journal of American College Health. . 68(2): 110-114
Homish, G.G., Hoopsick2, R.A., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D.L., & Cornelius, J.R. (2019). Drug use And hazardous drinking are associated with PTSD symptoms and symptom clusters in US Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers. The American Journal on Addictions. 28(1): 22-28
Vest, B.M., Weiss-Laxer, N.S., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Lifetime Trauma Exposure Profiles and Alcohol Use Over Time Among Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 35(6):1642-1655. doi: 10.1002/jts.22867. Epub 2022 Jul 28. PMID: 35901312
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2023) The Role of Military Identity in Substance Use and Mental Health Outcomes among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Military Psychology. 35:1, 85-93
Vest, B, M., Homish, D.L., Fillo, J., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Military status and alcohol problems: Former soldiers may be at greater risk. Addictive Behaviors. 84:139-143
Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J., Vest, B.M., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2017). Substance use and dependence among current reserve and former military members: Cross-sectional findings from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010-2014. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 36(4), 243-251
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Lawson, S.C, & Homish, G.G. (2022). Drug use over time among never-deployed US Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers: The effects of non-deployment emotions and sex. Stress and Health. 38(5): 1045-1057
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Vest, B.M., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to hazardous drinking among never-deployed male United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 45(3): 566-576
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Collins, R.L., Nochajski, T.H., Read, J.P., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to mental health problems and the role of deployment status among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 56(7): 1299-1310
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Collins, R.L., Nochajski, T.H., Read, J.P., & Homish, G.G. (2020). Is deployment status the critical determinant of psychosocial problems among Reserve/Guard soldiers? Psychological Services. 17(4):461-471. E-pub date Feb 14 2019
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Developing a measure to assess emotions associated with never being deployed. Military Medicine. 183: 9-10
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Vest, B.M., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Alcohol use among never-deployed U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers: The effects of non-deployment emotions and sex. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 42(12):2413-2422
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2020). Lower Levels of Bodily Pain Increase Risk for Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs Among Current US Reserve Soldiers. Addictive Behaviors. 108, 106443. E-pub date: Apr 15 2020
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Vest, B.M., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to hazardous drinking among never-deployed male United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 45(3): 566-576
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Collins, R.L., Nochajski, T.H., Read, J.P., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to mental health problems and the role of deployment status among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 56(7): 1299-1310
Kulak, J.A., Homish, D.L., Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J, Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021) Psychological hardiness protects against alcohol problems in male, but not female, US Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers. Psychological Services. (18(3): 426-432. E-pub date Jan 23 2020. doi: 10.1037/ser0000409
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Vest, B.M., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to hazardous drinking among never-deployed male United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 45(3): 566-576
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Collins, R.L., Nochajski, T.H., Read, J.P., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021). Resilience to mental health problems and the role of deployment status among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 56(7): 1299-1310
Kulak, J.A., Homish, D.L., Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J, Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2021) Psychological hardiness protects against alcohol problems in male, but not female, US Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers. Psychological Services. (18(3): 426-432. E-pub date Jan 23 2020
Anderson Goodell, E.M., Johnson, R.M., Latkin, C., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2020). Risk and protective effects of social networks on alcohol use problems among Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Addictive Behaviors 103:106244. E-pub date Nov 30 2019
Hoopsick, R.A., Benson, K.R., Homish, D.L., Homish, G.G. (2019). Resiliency factors that protect against post-deployment drug use among male US Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 199: 42-49
Vest, B.M., Heavey, S. Cercone, Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2017). Marital satisfaction, family support, and pre-deployment resiliency factors related to mental health outcomes for Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Military Behavioral Health. 5(4): 313-323
Anderson Goodell, E. M., Homish, D. L., & Homish, G.G. (2019). Characteristics of U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard couples who use family readiness programs. Military Behavioral Health.7(2):185-197. E-pub date: Dec 29 2018
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Problems with Sleep are Common and Predict Increased Risk for Alcohol and Drug Use among Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Journal of Studies of Alcohol and Drugs. 83(4):537-545. PMID: 35838431
Vest, B.M., Anderson Goodell, E.M., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Effects of social network characteristics on mental health outcomes among United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Community Mental Health Journal. 58(7):1268-1278. doi: 10.1007/s10597-021-00935-1. Epub 2022 Jan 3. PMID: 34981277
Anderson Goodell, E.M., Johnson, R.M., Latkin, C., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2020). Risk and protective effects of social networks on alcohol use problems among Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Addictive Behaviors 103:106244. E-pub date Nov 30 2019
Kulak, J., Homish, D.L., Kozlowski, L.T., & Homish. G.G. (2023). Cannabis use and perceptions among current and former military service members. Cannabis. 2023 Jul 5;6(2):104-112. doi: 10.26828/cannabis/2023/000150. eCollection 2023. PMID: 37484055
Vest, B.M., Weiss-Laxer, N.S., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Lifetime Trauma Exposure Profiles and Alcohol Use Over Time Among Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 35(6):1642-1655. doi: 10.1002/jts.22867. Epub 2022 Jul 28. PMID: 35901312
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Problems with Sleep are Common and Predict Increased Risk for Alcohol and Drug Use among Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Journal of Studies of Alcohol and Drugs. 83(4):537-545. PMID: 35838431
Hoopsick, R.A., Vest, B.M., Homish, D.L., Homish, G.G. (2020). Problems with social acceptance and social victimization predict substance use among US Reserve/Guard soldiers. Stress and Health. 36(3): 311-321. E-pub date Jan 30 2020
Hoopsick, R.A., Benson, K.R., Homish, D.L., Homish, G.G. (2019). Resiliency factors that protect against post-deployment drug use among male US Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Drug & Alcohol Dependence199: 42-49
Homish, G.G., Hoopsick, R.A., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D.L., & Cornelius, J.R. (2019). Drug use And hazardous drinking are associated with PTSD symptoms and symptom clusters in US Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers. The American Journal on Addictions. 28(1): 22-28
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Vest, B.M., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Alcohol use among never-deployed U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers: The effects of non-deployment emotions and sex. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 42(12):2413-2422
Vest, B, M., Homish, D.L., Fillo, J., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Military status and alcohol problems: Former soldiers may be at greater risk. Addictive Behaviors. 84:139-143
Vest, B. M., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D. L., & Homish, G. G. (2018). Alcohol misuse in reserve soldiers and their partners: cross-spouse effects of deployment and combat exposure. Substance Use and Misuse. 53(5):800-807
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D. L., & Homish G. G. (2018). Combat exposure, emotional and physical role limitations, and substance use among male United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Quality of Life Research. 27 (1): 137-147
Fillo, J., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G. G. (2018). Deployment-Related Military sexual trauma predicts heavy drinking and alcohol problems among male Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 42(1), 111-119
Hoopsick, R.A., Fillo, J., Vest, B.M., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2017). Substance use and dependence among current reserve and former military members: Cross-sectional findings from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010-2014. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 36(4), 243-251
Fillo, J., Anderson Goodell, E.M., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2023). Sex differences in the relation between military sexual trauma and risk for alcohol misuse among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2023 Apr;47(4):736-747
Vest, B.M., Weiss-Laxer, N.S., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Lifetime Trauma Exposure Profiles and Alcohol Use Over Time Among Reserve and National Guard Soldiers. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 35(6):1642-1655. Epub 2022 Jul 28
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Daws, R.C., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Childhood trauma, combat trauma and substance use in National Guard and Reserve soldiers. Substance Abuse. 39(4): 452-460
Fillo, J., Heavey, S.C., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G. G. (2018). Deployment-Related Military sexual trauma predicts heavy drinking and alcohol problems among male Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 42(1), 111-119
Vest, B.M., Kulak, J.A., Homish, D.L., Hoopsick, R.A., & Homish, G.G. (2022). Mental and Physical Health Factors Related to Dual Use of Veterans Affairs and Non-Veterans Affairs Healthcare Among U.S. Reserve Soldiers. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27 (5): 976-986. Online ahead of print: Sep 30, 2020. doi:10.1080/13548506.2020.1828945
Vest, B.M., Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., & Homish, G.G. (2020). Lower Levels of Bodily Pain Increase Risk for Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs Among Current US Reserve Soldiers. Addictive Behaviors. 108, 106443. E-pub date: Apr 15 2020
Anderson Goodell, E. M., Homish, D. L., & Homish, G.G. (2019). Characteristics of U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard couples who use family readiness programs. Military Behavioral Health. E-pub date: Dec 29 2018
Vest, B.M., Kulak, J.A., & Homish, G.G. (2019). Caring for Veterans in U.S. civilian primary care: Qualitative interviews with primary care providers. Family Practice. 36 (3): 343-350
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D.L., Bartone, P.T., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Developing a measure to assess emotions associated with never being deployed. Military Medicine.
Vest, B.M., Kulak, J.A., Hall, V.M., & Homish, G.G. (2018). Addressing patients’ Veteran status: Primary care providers’ knowledge, comfort, and educational needs. Family Medicine. 50(6): 455-459
Hoopsick, R.A., Homish, D. L., & Homish G. G. (2018). Combat exposure, emotional and physical role limitations, and substance use among male United States Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Quality of Life Research. 27 (1): 137-147
Participant Resources
We have developed a comprehensive list of health and human service related providers as a reference for participants in the Operation: SAFETY study.
Project outcomes can be used to help design interventions that improve the physical and mental well-being of military reserve soldiers and their families.