Steps 3.1 through 3.9
Key question to answer in Activity Stage 3: What do we need to know in order to fully address the role of the new or improved technology-based capability within the envisioned Standard or Guideline? Specifically, is there existing evidence or cases to illustrate the utility of comparable Standards/Guidelines?
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Step 3.1
Project team identifies specific fundamental scientific and technical knowledge required to plan, implement and conduct envisioned project.
Engage all interested parties in project as achieving objective may required expertise from a variety of sources. For example, industry-level standards require input from all manufacturers, and may require independent laboratories to reconcile test results based on different product form factors. NOTE: Not every project requires original research — many would do quite well going straight to the engineering development phase. However, many sponsors premise their funding on the requirement for original research — and in many cases this requirement overshadows consideration of downstream development and commercialization activities, so Investigators either want or need to justify time, effort and funding for research.
Step 3.2
Identify fields of expertise — and individual experts — capable of providing required knowledge. Opportunity for Knowledge Translation intake: Create a Secondary Research plan to identify, acquire, translate, absorb and apply existing science-based knowledge necessary to successfully complete the envisioned work. Then, as necessary to fill critical knowledge gaps, create a Primary Research plan to generate that new to the world knowledge.
Step 3.3
Select appropriate research designs (i.e., systematic or scoping review, action research, grounded theory, clinical research), for conducting Secondary Archival Research and for conducting Primary Scientific Research.
Step 3.4
If there is a need to conduct original scientific research in order to generate new knowledge in the form of conceptual discoveries, then prepare/submit proposals and secure funding from appropriate sponsor. Proposal must contain key elements to permit a thorough and objective review (i.e., Need, Problem, Solution, Existing Options, Evidence of Feasibility, Design Options, Testing Protocols, Timeline & Budget). The most likely sponsor is the benefactor of the Standard or Guideline. If no new conceptual discoveries are needed, skip Steps 3.5 — 3.7 and go directly to Step 3.8.
CRITICAL NOTE: By following the NtK Model through to Step 3.4, the PI's will have accumulated the necessary evidence to propose a valid solutions to a verified problem, in the context of existing technical, market and consumer knowledge. Projects proposed, reviewed and funded without this foundation typically fail.
Step 3.5
Once funding is obtained, conduct required Primary Scientific Research by implementing the selected methodologies to generate new knowledge.
Consider relevant governing bodies as credible partners for providing or securing funding.
Step 3.6
Monitor and track quality of Primary Scientific Research process and results.
Step 3.7
Refine process as necessary to optimize quality (rigor and relevance) of results from original scientific research study.
Step 3.8
Compile results from Secondary Archival Research and Primary Scientific Research and perform analyses to integrate findings into project plan.
Step 3.9
Draw conclusions — evaluate discovery state knowledge in light of proposed solution to stated problem. Before proceeding to Decision Gate 3, ensure project team has obtained all the scientific knowledge required to initiate the project's Invention Phase (commence engineering development), and to address the anticipated barriers to progress. Reserve the option to return to the Research Phase (Stages, 1, 2 or 3) if new requirements for Conceptual Discoveries arise during the Invention or Innovation phases.
NOTE: Recognize that returning to earlier activities in the Research phase will impact the timeline the timelines for development/deployment. Progress may be suspended in part or whole during this iteration sequence.
Decision Gate 3
Is the Project Team qualified to puruse the downstream requirements? If so, are they prepared to commit the time and effort necessary to complete the downstream requirements for the Invention Phase and Innovation Phase? If not the team lacks the required expertise, commitment or prior commitment, what lessons can be drawn from completed work and shared with others qualified to continue? Determine if the Discovery Phase reaffirmed the potential for the envisioned solution to address the validated problem. If so, either continue project into the Invention Phase (Stages 4 — 6), or identify appropriate partner to initiate those activities. If neither option is viable terminate project and implement Knowledge Translation Opportunity to effectively communicate the project's Conceptual Discovery to all relevant stakeholders.